Apache Kafka(Zookeeper)를 클러스터 구성하는 방법

Apache Kafka(Zookeeper)를 클러스터 구성하는 방법

구성 환경

$ cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

$ getconf LONG_BIT
64

카프카 클러스터 다이어그램

이미지 출처 : http://www.liferaysavvy.com/2021/07/setup-kafka-cluster.html

Apache Kafka(Zookeeper)를 클러스터 구성하는 방법

java 설치

$ yum install -y java-11-openjdk.x86_64

$ java --version
openjdk 11.0.13 2021-10-19 LTS
OpenJDK Runtime Environment 18.9 (build 11.0.13+8-LTS)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 18.9 (build 11.0.13+8-LTS, mixed mode, sharing)

주키퍼 클러스터 구성(Zookeeper Cluster on Multi Node)

zookeeper 다운로드

https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.lua/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.7.0/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin.tar.gz

$ cd /usr/local/src/

$ wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.7.0/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin.tar.gz

$ tar xfz apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin.tar.gz

$ mv apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin /usr/local/zookeeper

zookeeper(zoo.cfg) 설정

$ cp /usr/local/zookeeper/conf/zoo_sample.cfg /usr/local/zookeeper/conf/zoo.cfg

$ vim /usr/local/zookeeper/conf/zoo.cfg

$ cd /usr/local/zookeeper

zoo_sample.cfg 기본 설정 파일

$ vim conf/zoo_sample.cfg
# The number of milliseconds of each tick
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial
# synchronization phase can take
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
# do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just
# example sakes.
dataDir=/tmp/zookeeper
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
# the maximum number of client connections.
# increase this if you need to handle more clients
#maxClientCnxns=60
#
# Be sure to read the maintenance section of the
# administrator guide before turning on autopurge.
#
# http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance
#
# The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir
#autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
# Purge task interval in hours
# Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature
#autopurge.purgeInterval=1

## Metrics Providers
#
# https://prometheus.io Metrics Exporter
#metricsProvider.className=org.apache.zookeeper.metrics.prometheus.PrometheusMetricsProvider
#metricsProvider.httpPort=7000
#metricsProvider.exportJvmInfo=true

zoo.cfg 파일 편집

#server.1
$ vim conf/zoo.cfg
tickTime=2000
initLimit=10
syncLimit=5
dataDir=/var/lib/zookeeper
dataLogDir=/var/log/zookeeper
clientPort=2181
4lw.commands.whitelist=*
server.1=datanode01:2888:3888
server.2=datanode02:2888:3888
server.3=datanode03:2888:3888

#server.2
$ vim conf/zoo.cfg
tickTime=2000
initLimit=10
syncLimit=5
dataDir=/var/lib/zookeeper
dataLogDir=/var/log/zookeeper
clientPort=2181
4lw.commands.whitelist=*
server.1=datanode01:2888:3888
server.2=datanode02:2888:3888
server.3=datanode03:2888:3888

#server.3
$ vim conf/zoo.cfg
tickTime=2000
initLimit=10
syncLimit=5
dataDir=/var/lib/zookeeper
dataLogDir=/var/log/zookeeper
clientPort=2181
4lw.commands.whitelist=*
server.1=datanode01:2888:3888
server.2=datanode02:2888:3888
server.3=datanode03:2888:3888

zookeeper 데이터 및 로그 디렉토리 생성

$ mkdir -p /var/lib/zookeeper /var/log/zookeeper

myid 파일 생성

#server.1(192.168.0.101)
$ echo 1 > /var/lib/zookeeper/myid

#server.2(192.168.0.102)
$ echo 2 > /var/lib/zookeeper/myid

#server.3(192.168.0.103)
$ echo 3 > /var/lib/zookeeper/myid

주키퍼 start

$ ./bin/zkServer.sh start

주키퍼 stop

$ ./bin/zkServer.sh stop

https://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/r3.6.3/zookeeperTools.html

주키퍼 모드 확인

- Mode : leader, follower

#server.1
$ ./bin/zkServer.sh status
/bin/java
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: follower

#server.2
$ ./bin/zkServer.sh status
/bin/java
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: follower

#server.3
$ ./bin/zkServer.sh status
/bin/java
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: leader

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zookeeper 4 letters words 관리자 명령

zookeeper 버전

$ echo srvr | nc localhost 2181
Zookeeper version: 3.7.0-e3704b390a6697bfdf4b0bef79e3da7a4f6bac4b, built on 2021-03-17 09:46 UTC
Latency min/avg/max: 0/0.3549/3
Received: 3176
Sent: 3192
Connections: 1
Outstanding: 0
Zxid: 0x4000000ba
Mode: follower
Node count: 30

$ echo mntr | nc localhost 2181 | more
zk_version	3.7.0-e3704b390a6697bfdf4b0bef79e3da7a4f6bac4b, built on 2021-03-17 09:46 UTC
zk_server_state	follower
zk_peer_state	following - broadcast

4lw (Apache ZooKeeper-specific) : https://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_zkCommands

카프카 클러스터 구성(Kafka(broker) Cluster on Multi Node)

kafka 다운로드

https://kafka.apache.org/downloads

$ wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/kafka/3.0.0/kafka_2.13-3.0.0.tgz

$ tar xfz kafka_2.13-3.0.0.tgz

$ cd kafka_2.13-3.0.0/

$ ls
bin  config  libs  LICENSE  licenses  NOTICE  site-docs

$ mv kafka_2.13-3.0.0 /usr/local/kafka

Kafka 설정

server.properties 기본 설정

# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# see kafka.server.KafkaConfig for additional details and defaults

############################# Server Basics #############################

# The id of the broker. This must be set to a unique integer for each broker.
broker.id=0

############################# Socket Server Settings #############################

# The address the socket server listens on. It will get the value returned from
# java.net.InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName() if not configured.
#   FORMAT:
#     listeners = listener_name://host_name:port
#   EXAMPLE:
#     listeners = PLAINTEXT://your.host.name:9092
#listeners=PLAINTEXT://:9092

# Hostname and port the broker will advertise to producers and consumers. If not set,
# it uses the value for "listeners" if configured.  Otherwise, it will use the value
# returned from java.net.InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName().
#advertised.listeners=PLAINTEXT://your.host.name:9092

# Maps listener names to security protocols, the default is for them to be the same. See the config documentation for more details
#listener.security.protocol.map=PLAINTEXT:PLAINTEXT,SSL:SSL,SASL_PLAINTEXT:SASL_PLAINTEXT,SASL_SSL:SASL_SSL

# The number of threads that the server uses for receiving requests from the network and sending responses to the network
num.network.threads=3

# The number of threads that the server uses for processing requests, which may include disk I/O
num.io.threads=8

# The send buffer (SO_SNDBUF) used by the socket server
socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400

# The receive buffer (SO_RCVBUF) used by the socket server
socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400

# The maximum size of a request that the socket server will accept (protection against OOM)
socket.request.max.bytes=104857600


############################# Log Basics #############################

# A comma separated list of directories under which to store log files
log.dirs=/tmp/kafka-logs

# The default number of log partitions per topic. More partitions allow greater
# parallelism for consumption, but this will also result in more files across
# the brokers.
num.partitions=1

# The number of threads per data directory to be used for log recovery at startup and flushing at shutdown.
# This value is recommended to be increased for installations with data dirs located in RAID array.
num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1

############################# Internal Topic Settings  #############################
# The replication factor for the group metadata internal topics "__consumer_offsets" and "__transaction_state"
# For anything other than development testing, a value greater than 1 is recommended to ensure availability such as 3.
offsets.topic.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.min.isr=1

############################# Log Flush Policy #############################

# Messages are immediately written to the filesystem but by default we only fsync() to sync
# the OS cache lazily. The following configurations control the flush of data to disk.
# There are a few important trade-offs here:
#    1. Durability: Unflushed data may be lost if you are not using replication.
#    2. Latency: Very large flush intervals may lead to latency spikes when the flush does occur as there will be a lot of data to flush.
#    3. Throughput: The flush is generally the most expensive operation, and a small flush interval may lead to excessive seeks.
# The settings below allow one to configure the flush policy to flush data after a period of time or
# every N messages (or both). This can be done globally and overridden on a per-topic basis.

# The number of messages to accept before forcing a flush of data to disk
#log.flush.interval.messages=10000

# The maximum amount of time a message can sit in a log before we force a flush
#log.flush.interval.ms=1000

############################# Log Retention Policy #############################

# The following configurations control the disposal of log segments. The policy can
# be set to delete segments after a period of time, or after a given size has accumulated.
# A segment will be deleted whenever *either* of these criteria are met. Deletion always happens
# from the end of the log.

# The minimum age of a log file to be eligible for deletion due to age
log.retention.hours=168

# A size-based retention policy for logs. Segments are pruned from the log unless the remaining
# segments drop below log.retention.bytes. Functions independently of log.retention.hours.
#log.retention.bytes=1073741824

# The maximum size of a log segment file. When this size is reached a new log segment will be created.
log.segment.bytes=1073741824

# The interval at which log segments are checked to see if they can be deleted according
# to the retention policies
log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000

############################# Zookeeper #############################

# Zookeeper connection string (see zookeeper docs for details).
# This is a comma separated host:port pairs, each corresponding to a zk
# server. e.g. "127.0.0.1:3000,127.0.0.1:3001,127.0.0.1:3002".
# You can also append an optional chroot string to the urls to specify the
# root directory for all kafka znodes.
zookeeper.connect=localhost:2181

# Timeout in ms for connecting to zookeeper
zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=18000


############################# Group Coordinator Settings #############################

# The following configuration specifies the time, in milliseconds, that the GroupCoordinator will delay the initial consumer rebalance.
# The rebalance will be further delayed by the value of group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms as new members join the group, up to a maximum of max.poll.interval.ms.
# The default value for this is 3 seconds.
# We override this to 0 here as it makes for a better out-of-the-box experience for development and testing.
# However, in production environments the default value of 3 seconds is more suitable as this will help to avoid unnecessary, and potentially expensive, rebalances during application startup.
group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0

kafka 로그 디렉토리 생성

$ mkdir /var/lib/kafka

server.properties 편집

#server.1
$ vim config/server.properties
broker.id=1
listeners=PLAINTEXT://:9092
advertised.listeners=PLAINTEXT://192.168.0.101:9092
num.network.threads=3
num.io.threads=8
socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400
socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400
socket.request.max.bytes=104857600
log.dirs=/var/lib/kafka
num.partitions=1
num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1
offsets.topic.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.min.isr=1
log.retention.hours=168
log.segment.bytes=1073741824
log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000
zookeeper.connect=192.168.0.101:2181,192.168.0.102:2181,192.168.0.103:2181
zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=18000
group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0

#server.2
$ vim config/server.properties
broker.id=2
listeners=PLAINTEXT://:9092
advertised.listeners=PLAINTEXT://192.168.0.103:9092
num.network.threads=3
num.io.threads=8
socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400
socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400
socket.request.max.bytes=104857600
log.dirs=/var/lib/kafka
num.partitions=1
num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1
offsets.topic.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.min.isr=1
log.retention.hours=168
log.segment.bytes=1073741824
log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000
zookeeper.connect=192.168.0.101:2181,192.168.0.102:2181,192.168.0.103:2181
zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=18000
group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0

#server.3
$ vim config/server.properties
broker.id=3
listeners=PLAINTEXT://:9092
advertised.listeners=PLAINTEXT://192.168.0.103:9092
num.network.threads=3
num.io.threads=8
socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400
socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400
socket.request.max.bytes=104857600
log.dirs=/var/lib/kafka
num.partitions=1
num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1
offsets.topic.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.min.isr=1
log.retention.hours=168
log.segment.bytes=1073741824
log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000
zookeeper.connect=192.168.0.101:2181,192.168.0.102:2181,192.168.0.103:2181
zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=18000
group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0

kafka 버전

$ find /usr/local/kafka/ -name \*kafka_\* | head -1 | grep -o '\kafka[^\n]*' | awk -F'-' {'print $2'} | cut -d '.' -f 1-3
3.0.0

카프카 start

$ bin/kafka-server-start.sh -daemon config/server.properties

카프카 stop

$ bin/kafka-server-stop.sh

클러스터 브로커 리스트 확인

$ bin/kafka-broker-api-versions.sh --bootstrap-server datanode01:9092 | grep id | awk '{print $(NF-6)}'
192.168.0.101:9092
192.168.0.103:9092
192.168.0.102:9092