리눅스
리눅스에서 LVM을 사용하여 파일 시스템을 생성하는 방법
변군이글루
2014. 4. 14. 11:48
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리눅스에서 LVM을 사용하여 파일 시스템을 생성하는 방법
LVM을 사용하여 리눅스 시스템에 새로운 물리적인 볼륨(PV), 볼륨 그룹(VG), 논리적인 볼륨(LV)을 만들고 확장하는 절차입니다.
하드 디스크 정보 확인(물리 디스크 확인)
fdisk -l$ fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 85.9 GB, 85899345920 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10443 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0003ee54
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 26 548 4194304 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda3 548 10444 79485952 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000새로운 파티션 생성
fdisk /dev/sdb$ fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x35784e8c.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-2610, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610):
Using default value 2610
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.여기서 새로운 파티션을 생성합니다.
PV(Physical Volume) 생성
- 새로 생성된 파티션 정보 확인
$ fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 85.9 GB, 85899345920 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10443 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0003ee54
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 26 548 4194304 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda3 548 10444 79485952 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x35784e8c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 2610 20964793+ 8e Linux LVM- 물리적 볼륨 생성
pvcreate /dev/sdb1$ pvcreate /dev/sdb1
dev_is_mpath: failed to get device for 8:17
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created- 물리적 볼륨 스캔 및 정보 표시
pvscan$ pvscan
PV /dev/sdb1 lvm2 [19.99 GiB]
Total: 1 [19.99 GiB] / in use: 0 [0 ] / in no VG: 1 [19.99 GiB]pvdisplay$ pvdisplay
"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "19.99 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name
PV Size 19.99 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID aR1xaU-UMkS-V2Nr-pYnM-RNgE-Qed2-5eOdaGVG(Volume Group) 생성
- 볼륨 그룹 생성
vgcreate vg_data01 /dev/sdb1$ vgcreate vg_data01 /dev/sdb1
Volume group "vg_data01" successfully created- 볼륨 그룹 스캔 및 정보 표시
vgscan$ vgscan
Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while...
Found volume group "vg_data01" using metadata type lvm2vgdisplay$ vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg_data01
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 19.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 5118
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 5118 / 19.99 GiB
VG UUID MJVUpC-N9HQ-D2Iv-lEes-a3FM-LDcl-BJvQxx728x90
LV(Logical Volume) 생성
- 논리적 볼륨 생성
lvcreate -L 19.99G -n lv_data01 vg_data01$ lvcreate -L 19.99G -n lv_data01 vg_data01
Rounding up size to full physical extent 19.99 GiB
Logical volume "lv_data01" created이 명령은 vg_data01 그룹에서 크기가 19.99GB인 lv_data01 논리적 볼륨을 생성합니다.
- 논리적 볼륨 스캔 및 정보 표시
lvscan$ lvscan
ACTIVE '/dev/vg_data01/lv_data01' [19.99 GiB] inheritlvdisplay$ lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/vg_data01/lv_data01
LV Name lv_data01
VG Name vg_data01
LV UUID p1n4r8-eCnd-efQx-yD3f-aRXP-XUIa-1B5M7q
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time vm1.scbyun.com, 2014-04-14 11:33:29 +0900
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 19.99 GiB
Current LE 5118
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0파일 시스템 생성
mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg_data01/lv_data01$ mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg_data01/lv_data01
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1310720 inodes, 5240832 blocks
262041 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
160 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 38 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.파일 시스템 마운트
- 마운트 포인트 생성 및 마운트
mkdir /dataVolumemount /dev/vg_data01/lv_data01 /dataVolume- 마운트 확인
$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 75G 3.1G 68G 5% /
tmpfs 936M 0 936M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 194M 57M 127M 31% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_data01-lv_data01
20G 172M 19G 1% /dataVolume/etc/fstab 편집
- 부팅 시 자동 마운트를 위한 /etc/fstab 업데이트
vim /etc/fstab- 다음 라인을 추가
/dev/vg_data01/lv_data01 /dataVolume ext4 defaults 1 2- /etc/fstab 확인
$ cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Apr 3 01:22:11 2014
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
...
/dev/vg_data01/lv_data01 /dataVolume ext4 defaults 1 2위 명령어는 새로운 파일 시스템을 부팅 시 자동으로 마운트하도록 /etc/fstab 파일을 업데이트합니다.
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